Why Do I Keep Getting Thrush?
7 Reasons Thrush Keeps Coming Back.
Thrush is a common fungal infection that affects a significant portion of the population. While most cases clear up quickly with medication, some individuals experience recurrent episodes. This article explores the reasons behind recurrent thrush, a condition known as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), affecting millions of women globally.
Around three-quarters of people with vaginas will experience thrush at least once in their lifetime. Thankfully, most cases clear up within a few days with medication. However, a significant number of individuals face recurrent infections. In the UK alone, an estimated 1.2 million people experience recurrent vaginal thrush. We’ll delve into the factors that disrupt the delicate balance of vaginal flora and contribute to repeat thrush infections.
What is Thrush?
Vaginal thrush, also known as vulvovaginal candidiasis, is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast (most commonly Candida albicans). This disrupts the natural balance of microorganisms in the vagina.
Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye. They come in various forms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. In the vagina, the most common microorganisms are bacteria. There are billions of bacteria present in a healthy vagina. These bacteria aren’t harmful; in fact, they play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy vaginal microbiome. They help keep the levels of yeast, like Candida albicans (the culprit behind thrush), in check.
Several factors (which we’ll talk more about below) can disrupt the natural balance in the vagina and lead to an overgrowth of Candida albicans, causing thrush. Symptoms of thrush can include:
- Itching and irritation: This is often the most noticeable symptom, affecting the vulva (the external area of the genitals) and the vagina itself.
- Thick, white discharge: The discharge associated with thrush is often described as thick and white, with a consistency similar to cottage cheese. It typically doesn’t have a strong odour.
- Burning or stinging: You may experience a burning or stinging sensation during urination or sexual intercourse.
- Redness and soreness: The vulva and vaginal opening may appear red and irritated.
- Cracks in the skin: In severe cases, thrush can cause cracks to develop in the vulvar skin.
Not every woman gets all these symptoms. They can vary from person to person. If you have symptoms and are unsure if they are due to thrush, try the online symptom checker to help you pinpoint the problem and find the right advice.
Why Do I Keep Getting Thrush?
While a single dose of medication can often banish thrush, some people find themselves battling repeat infections. Recurrent thrush is more than just physical discomfort. As research suggests, it can significantly impact mental well-being, relationships, and trust in the healthcare system.
If you’re stuck in a frustrating cycle of thrush flare-ups, you’re not alone. Here are seven key reasons why thrush might keep coming back:
- Incomplete treatment: Not following your doctor’s instructions for taking antifungal medication can leave some of the fungus behind, allowing it to grow back. If you find yourself battling thrush repeatedly, the NHS advises you might need a longer treatment plan lasting up to 6 months.
- Underlying medical conditions: Conditions like diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or a weakened immune system can make you more susceptible to recurrent thrush.
- Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in oestrogen levels, such as those that occur during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause, can disrupt the balance of yeast in the vagina.
- Antibiotics: Antibiotics can kill both good and bad bacteria in the vagina, which can allow yeast to overgrow.
- Douching: You do not need to douche! The vagina is a self-cleaning organ that maintains a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast. Douching can disrupt this balance and actually increase the risk of infections, including thrush.
- Tight-fitting clothing: Tight-fitting clothing can trap moisture and heat, creating an environment where yeast can thrive.
- Stress: Stress can weaken the immune system, making you more susceptible to infections, including thrush.
Taking Charge of Your Thrush Treatment
While a one-time treatment often clears thrush, don’t be discouraged if it keeps coming back. The reasons behind these repeat infections can vary. It could be a matter of lifestyle habits, like wearing tight-fitting clothing or using certain medications. Underlying health conditions might also play a role.
The good news is that you can break the cycle with some adjustments. Consider making changes like wearing looser clothing, avoiding douches, and reducing stress. If these don’t work, speak to your doctor. They might recommend a longer course of treatment to get things under control for good. Don’t suffer in silence! Thrush is a very common condition, and you’re not alone. There are solutions to find relief.
